Quadratic Equation Solver

Solve any quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0. Find real or complex roots, discriminant, and vertex.

Examples

x² − 5x + 6 = 0

Two real roots (2 and 3)

a (x² coefficient)
1
b (x coefficient)
-5
c (constant)
6
Root x₁
3
Discriminant
1
Root x₂
2
Vertex X
2.5
Vertex Y
-0.25

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How It Works

Formula

x=b±b24ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

Vertex=(b2a,  f ⁣(b2a))\text{Vertex} = \left(\frac{-b}{2a},\; f\!\left(\frac{-b}{2a}\right)\right)

Variables, symbols and units

aa

Coefficient of x² (must be non-zero)

bb

Coefficient of x

cc

Constant term
Calculation method explained

The discriminant b²−4ac is computed first. If non-negative, real roots are found with the quadratic formula. If negative, complex roots are expressed as a±bi. The vertex is at x = −b/(2a).

Examples

x² − 5x + 6 = 01 · -53

Two real roots (2 and 3)

a (x² coefficient)
1
b (x coefficient)
-5
c (constant)
6
Root x₁
3
x² + 1 = 01 · 00 + 1i

Complex roots (±i)

a (x² coefficient)
1
b (x coefficient)
0
c (constant)
1
Root x₁
0 + 1i
2x² − 4x − 6 = 02 · -43

Roots of a wider parabola

a (x² coefficient)
2
b (x coefficient)
-4
c (constant)
-6
Root x₁
3

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a quadratic equation?
A quadratic equation is a polynomial equation of degree 2 in the form ax² + bx + c = 0, where a ≠ 0.
What is the discriminant?
The discriminant Δ = b² − 4ac determines the nature of the roots: Δ > 0 gives two distinct real roots, Δ = 0 gives one repeated root, Δ < 0 gives two complex conjugate roots.
What is the quadratic formula?
x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) / (2a). It gives the solutions of any quadratic equation.
What are complex roots?
When the discriminant is negative, the roots contain imaginary numbers (i = √−1), expressed as a ± bi.
What is the vertex of a parabola?
The vertex is the highest or lowest point. Its x-coordinate is −b/(2a) and y-coordinate is f(−b/(2a)).

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